Abstract
Aims: To identify the point prevalence of pressure ulcers in anemergency hospital and in different units and to investigate the association between the presence of ulcers and demographic and clinical variables. Method: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study, held over a single day in a public hospital aimed at teaching emergency in a university course, involving 87 adults and elderly patients hospitalized throughout the hospital. A risk assessment was carried out for pressure ulcers and skin inspection of patients. Results: The point prevalence of pressure ulcers in the institution was 40%. The point prevalence was higher in the intensive care unit. An association was found between the presence of ulcers and a greater amount of drugs, as well as longer hospital stays and lower scores on the Braden Scale. Conclusion: The methods used for assessing the prevalence can be used by nurses in operational research to assess the problem context and also in scientific studies that allow the comparison of results in national and international contexts.References
Moura GM, Magalhães AM. Eventos adversos relacionados à assistência em serviços de saúde: principais tipos. In: Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). Assistência segura: uma reflexão teórica aplicada à prática. Brasília, DF: ANVISA; 2013. p. 65-76.
National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, Pan Pacific Pressure Injury Aliance. Prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers: clinical practice guideline. Washington, DC: NPUAP/EPAUAP/PPPIA; 2014.
Santos VL, Caliri MH. [Concept and pressure ulcer classification: update NPUAP]. Rev Estima [Internet]. 2007[cited 2015 Sep 24]; 5(3):43-4. Available from: http://www.revistaestima.com.br/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=78%3Aatualizacao-2&catid=4%3Aedicao-53&Itemid=75&lang=pt. Portuguese.
Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). [Investigation of adverse events in health care]. Brasília, DF: ANVISA; 2013. Portuguese.
Costa IG, Caliri MH. [Predictive validity of the Braden Scale for patients in intensive care]. Acta Paul Enferm [Internet]. 2011[cited 2015 Sep 24]; 24(6):772-7. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-21002011000600
&lng=en. Portuguese.
Berlowitz D. Prevalence, incidence and facility-acquired rates. In: Pieper B (Ed.) with the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel. Pressure ulcers: prevalence, incidence, and implications for the future. Washington, DC: NPUAP; 2012. Chapter 4, p. 19-24.
Rogenski NM, Kurcgant P. [The incidence of pressure ulcers after the implementation of a prevention protocol]. Rev Latino-Am Enfermagem [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2015 Aug 19]; 20(2):333-9. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid
=S0104-11692012000200016&lng=en. Portuguese.
International Guidelines. Pressure ulcer prevention: prevalence and incidence in context. A consensus document. London: MEP; 2009.
National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, Pan Pacific Pressure Injury Alliance. Prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers: quick reference guide. Washington, DC: NPUAP/EPAUAP/PPPIA; 2014.
Tubaishat A, Aljezawi M. The prevalence of pressure ulceration among Jordanian hospitalised patients. J. Wound Care. 2013; 22(6):305-9, 308-10.
Vanderwee K, Defloor T, Beeckman D, Demarre L, Verhaeghe S, Van Durme T, et al. Assessing the adequacy of pressure ulcer prevention in hospitals: a nationwide prevalence survey. BMJ Qual Saf. 2011; 20(3):260-7.
Cardoso JR, Blanes L, Calil JA, Chacon JM, Ferreira LM. Prevalence of pressure ulcers in a Brazilian hospital: results of a cross-sectional study. Ostomy Wound Manage. [Internet]. 2010[cited 2015 Sep 24]; 56(10):52-7. Available from: http://www.o-wm.com/files/owm/pdfs/cardoso.pdf
Pancorbo-Hidalgo PL, García-Fernández FP, Bou JET, Soriano JV, Soldevilla-Agreda JJ. [Pressure ulcers epidemiology in Spain in 2013: results from the 4th National Prevalence Survey]. Gerokomos. 2014; 25(4):162-70. Spanish.
Gomes FS, Bastos MA, Matozinhos FP, Temponi HR, Velásquez-Meléndez G. [Factors associated to pressure ulcers in patients at adult intensive care units]. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2010; 44(4):1070-6. Portuguese.
Dugaret E, Videau MN, Faure I, Gabinski C, Bourdel-Marchasson I, Salles N. Prevalence and incidence rates of pressure ulcers in an Emergency Department. Int Wound J. 2012;11(4):386-1.
Gomes FS, Bastos MA, Matozinhos FP, Temponi HR, Velásquez-Meléndez G. [Risk assessment for pressure ulcer in critical patients]. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2011; 45(2):313-8. Portuguese.
Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). Rede Sentinela. Protocolo de úlcera por pressão. [Internet]. Brasília, DF, 2013 [cited 2015 Sep 24]. Available from: http://www20.anvisa.gov.br/segurancadopaciente/index.php/publicacoes/category/diversos.