Resumen
Objetivo: revisar sistemáticamente la literatura sobre el costo-beneficio de la telemedicina en el acompañamiento de asmáticos. Método: Revisión sistemática en las bases de datos PUBMED/MEDLINE, LILACS y Central Cochrane. Se consideraron los artículos publicados en inglés, portugués o español, en el período de 2005 a 2018, de acuerdo con las directrices PRISMA. Resultados: Fueron identificados 1363 artículos, y de ellos, 59 fueron leídos en la íntegra. Solamente cinco atendieron a los criterios de elegibilidad, todos fueron realizados en países europeos y sumaron 2497 participantes. Las intervenciones fueron realizadas por enfermeras (4 de 5 estudios), permaneciendo de 16 semanas a 12 meses. Los costos con telemedicina fueron semejantes o ligeramente menores comparados a los tratamientos usuales. La telemedicina presentó efecto benéfico en el control del asma (1 de 5 estudios), calidad de vida (3 de 5 estudios) y hospitalizaciones (1 de 5 estudios). Conclusión: La telemedicina reduce ligeramente los costos con el asma y puede tener impacto en indicadores de morbididad.
Citas
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